This chapter focuses on the role that emotion plays in virtue, emphasizing that acting virtuously is the central and most important dimension of virtue. It analyses the centrality of roles in virtue as a matter of their being tied to virtuous action, which is more central than every role in virtue that is not tied to virtuous action. It also discusses reference to virtue in other traditions that serves to emphasize the moral significance of certain ways of being, instead of doing. The chapter concentrates on two virtues: compassion and courage, and two emotions: sympathy and fear. It argues that having a modified sympathy trait is indispensable to being a reliably correct judge of which action require compassion in a practical situation.