Fear in Colonial California and within the Borderlands
Fear in Colonial California and within the Borderlands
This chapter examines how fear prevailed during the Spanish colonization of California. Under Spain, colonial California witnessed the destruction of its densely inhabited zone of linguistically diverse indigenous societies. Waves of illness and warfare transformed tribal societies in the interior, eroded the environment, and devastated the political order. The changes produced by the Spanish colonial presence created what Randall Milliken has called a “time of little choice.” The chapter explores how fear appears in indigenous accounts as a historical emotion, but one elaborated very specifically in relation to native forms of thought and culture such as dance, as seen in the writing of Pablo Tac. It also considers how fear was promulgated in Spanish-language accounts of the Chumash War and concludes by assessing indigenous Californians' histories of the war.
Keywords: fear, colonial California, Spain, illness, warfare, tribal societies, dance, Pablo Tac, Chumash War, indigenous Californians
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