Evolutionary Novelties: The Origin of Homologs
Evolutionary Novelties: The Origin of Homologs
This chapter examines the evolutionary processes that led to the origin of body parts, with particular emphasis on the concept of “novelties.” It first considers the distinction between the evolution of adaptations and the origin of novelties, and more specifically innovations, before proposing a perspective of what evolutionary novelties are. To this end, a definition of morphological novelty is given, followed by a discussion of phenomenological modes for the origin of Type I novelties such as the differentiation of repeated elements. The chapter also describes how natural selection creates character individuality and concludes with an analysis of modularity, functional specialization, and robustness and canalization.
Keywords: evolution, body parts, adaptation, innovation, evolutionary novelties, natural selection, modularity, functional specialization, robustness, canalization
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