Cyrene and the Cyrenaics: A Historical and Biographical Overview
Cyrene and the Cyrenaics: A Historical and Biographical Overview
This chapter examines the significance of all the named Cyrenaics, as well as the culture of ancient Cyrene, and introduces the members of the Cyrenaic movement. The principal figures are Aristippus, their notional founder, who followed Socrates; the mainstream Cyrenaics, who first codified Aristippus' inspirational example; Hegesias, who accentuated the mainstream Cyrenaics' egoistic individualism and introduced pessimism; Anniceris, who opposed Hegesias by reasserting the importance of personal and civic relationships; and Theodorus, an eclectic and flamboyant thinker, who is most renowned for his supposed “atheism.” The chapter traces their history from around 435 BCE to around 250 BCE. Most of these philosophers were born in or around Cyrene, though some are known to have been active abroad.
Keywords: Cyrenaics, ancient Cyrene, Cyrenaic movement, Aristippus, Socrates, Hegesias, Anniceris, Theodorus
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