The War of Independence (1919–22)
The War of Independence (1919–22)
Road to the Independent Turkish Republic
This chapter talks about how Turkish historiography has long overlooked the Republic's origins in earlier successive revolutions, above all the Constitutional Revolution of 1876, and later the Young Turk Revolution of 1908. Each reinforced the others and pressed toward the ultimate republican Revolution of 1923. There were two decisive moments in its concluding phase during the War of Independence, the establishment of the parliament in 1920, and the monarch's flight from the country in 1922, which smoothly ushered in the young Republic after years of preparation and collective effort by patriots and revolutionaries. This period of political crisis saw the rejuvenation of a radical republican language, incorporated with militarism and nationalism.
Keywords: Turkish historiography, Constitutional Revolution, Young Turk Revolution, War of Independence, political crisis, Turkish Republic, militarism, nationalism
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